COSMOS : THE FABRIC OF COSMOS : ( Part 1 of 4 )

What is Space ?

This world is filled with stuff's that we see around .

Space in which all these things / stuff's exists .

If we take all the stuff's away , for example : - People , car etc ... and also even largest objects like planets to the smallest of subatomic particles . Then empty space is left , this is not nothing but it is something .

Matter removed from earth
--------->>>>

Empty space left behind when the matter ( Earth ) is removed .

Planet Earth .

But space can be bent , twisted and even rippled .

Empty space forms world around us .

Space is actually everywhere from atoms to galaxies .

Empty space in the vastness of the COSMOS ( UNIVERSE ) . Space in between the stars and galaxies .

Empty space shown in an hydrogen atom ( Microscopic scale ) .

Empty space in an atom . ( Microscopic scale ) .

If we remove all the space from the large object it will become very small .

A large building with all the matter and space .

When space is removed from the mass ( large building ) , then this tiny mass is left behind .

Spinning in empty space .

If in spinning when arms are stretched it is spinning with respect to space itself .

Spinning in air while arms is stretched , spinning with respect to the emptiness of space itself .

Issac Newton .

We still use Newton's law based on space mission and etc .

Space is real even if we can't feel it .

In 1800's Albert Einstein changed everything about space .

What is light ?

What is the speed of light ?

Consider a moving car .

Car moving at the normal speed .

Car moving at the speed of light .

Moving car doesn't give extra push to the light .( Headlight of the car )

Light speed is always constant for everyone .

Moving at the speed of light makes the car become tiny ( compressed ) and moves slower in time for the observer outside the car , but for person sitting inside it appears to be normal .

" Space-time forms a fabric . "

Space - time fabric .

Space - time are flexible . Then Einstein called it space - time .

Einstein applied this to gravity .

Then how did gravity worked ?

After 10 years of work Einstein explained the gravity , Gravity is even more flexible .

Space - time fabric . Here object are bound to the central object due to the curvature of the space .

Earth is revolving around the Sun due to the curvature of the space - time fabric .

Earth revolves around space-time fabric which Sun creates.

" These described entire Universe , space plays a leading role and space is fabric and flexible "

Black holes have large mass and a strong gravity .

A black hole named Cygnus X-1 . It is formed when a large star caved in . This black hole pulls matter from blue star beside it .

Gravity Probe B .

Gravity Probe B ( GP - B) is a satellite-based mission which launched on 20 April 2004 on a Delta 2 rocket. The spaceflight phase lasted until 2005 , its aim was to measure space-time curvature near Earth , and thereby the stress-energy tensor (which is related to the distribution and the motion of matter in space ) in and near Earth . This provided a test of general relativity , gravito magnetism and related models .

Total cost of project : $ 750 million .

Gravity probe B comprised four London moment gyroscope and a reference telescope sighted on HR8703 .

Space is real like a fabric .
No space then there will be no twist .

Quantum world .

Smallest objects like sub-atomic particles .
Even if we remove all space its still far from empty .
Particles erupt (or) appears from nothing . Particles emitted from nowhere .

In 1948 a scientist named Henry Casmir predicted , if two plates placed extremely closed to each other then the thickness of a paper .

II : Very thin spacing in between the plates A and B . Space I and III pushes the plates until they merge .
Actually particles are present in the space I and III which pushes the plates in the Quantum world .

When these plates placed parallel to each other in Quantum world , with the emptiness between the plates . Then the particles outside the plates push the plates until they merge .

CERN Geneva .

LHC : Large hadron collider is a $ 10 billion dollars project .

It is a particle accelerator , where particles move at 99.99 % of speed of light .

Particles colliding at 99 % of speed of light .

In 1964 Peter higgs said .

All particles have different masses and why so ?

" Space is like ocean , particles gain mass when they interact with this ocean . "

Particles which moves with great difficulty in the space gains more mass and hence gravity compared to the ones which moves easily .

Higgs-field is everywhere even in emptiness of space , but there is no physical proof for Higgs field .

Higgs particle and Higgs field .

BIG - BANG .

Universe expanded in a fraction of seconds .

Gravity eventually stopped the speed of expansion .

Will space expand forever ?

Will gravity slows and big crunch will happen ?

BIG - BANG model of the UNIVERSE .

BIG - CRUNCH model of the UNIVERSE .

Super-Nova is a very rare event which occurs with an explosion which is very bright .

Super - Nova explosion .

It was confirmed by Telescope that Universe was expanding . Dark energy pushes ( 70 % of Universe is Dark - Energy ) .
70 % is empty space in Universe .

Dark Energy pushing the Space apart .

Einstein gave a cosmological constant to solve the big-bang and big-crunch problem in order to get the static Universe ( Antigravity ) .
Later Einstein said it was a mistake , his greatest blunder .

Cosmological constant Lambda as shown in the equation .

" Hubble proved that Universe was expanding , thus Einstein's cosmological constant was removed and it was called his greatest blunder . "

Cosmological constant may explain expansion of Universe .
Dark energy pushes further apart until Universe is alone and empty - space is left behind .
Even atoms rip apart because of increase in dark energy in space .